Friday, 27 October 2017

Psalm 22: Lament



Prayers for help (laments) “are located at the intersection of the confession that God is faithful and some experience of the psalmist that either calls into question God’s fidelity or demands a faithful action from God.” (77:8; 6:5; 89:49; 17:7).[1] “The Lord invites hard questions and even denunciations form his people.” The ancient sufferers “both question God’s loving faithfulness and make God’s loving faithfulness the basis of their hope and their prayers.” Ps 89:49 is the turning point of Psalm 89, last psalm of Book II of a Psalter, may be the “most strident complaint verse” in the Psalter.[2] Other questioning verses: 22:1; 10:1; 44:23; 13:1; 35:17.[3]



[1] Jacobson, ““The faithfulness of the Lord Endures Forever”,” 114.
[2] Jacobson and Jacobson. Invitation to the Psalms, 158.
[3] Jacobson and Jacobson. Invitation to the Psalms, 159.

Structure:
1-21: Lament, God being distant.
22-32: Celebration of God’s sovereignty. God is no longer distant, God has heard.

V1-21 have an alternating structure, moving from a cry to God to a section of trust. This is reflective of the emotional turmoil that a person of faith undergoes when he tries to make sense of the suffering, pain and even attacks from others with faith in a powerful and loving God.[1]
V22-32: Pure praise.[2]

V2: the psalm begins by expressing a sense of being forsaken by God, expressed most powerfully in the divine silence in V3.[3]
V5-6: “Trust” repeated three times. Crying out in distress and expression trust can happen at the same time and are not incompatible, as “I know what I feel and I know what I believe.”[4] Ps22 is an expression of a mature spirituality where a person who is experiencing affliction demonstrates the ability to hold on to two contradictory set of facts.[5] 
V7: The psalmist felt less than human. This is further exacerbated by the taunting words of fellow human beings in V9. It seems the only reality was the distance of God, and the nearness of the taunting human beings.[6]
V12 the psalmist cries out for the removal of the divine distance.[7]
V13-14: Heightens the sense of being alone as the enemies surround the psalmist.
V15-16: describes the physical symptoms of fear[8], “spilled out like water” in the sense of being “washed out”[9], “tongue sticking to palate” as a sign of sympathetic overactivity.
V19: The psalmist is not dead and the enemies are already dividing up his clothes as if he was deceased.
V22: Begins with an imperative verb, “save me” and ends with a perfect verb “you answered me”.[10] It is a declaration of trust and confidence[11], based upon the faith that God would answer his prayers.[12]
V23 onwards: The psalmist lead the community into worship.[13],[14]
V25: The psalmist testified a total reversal of the experience in V2-3: he perceives that Yahweh has heard him and an answer was coming. God’s faithfulness, in promising deliverance, also requires faithfulness from the sufferer.[15]

This can be used for those who are severely sick and threatened by death.[16]
In suffering, the psalmist invites us to remind God and ourselves of God’s past acts of deliverance. Remind God and ourselves of God’s involvement in our individual lives. And we explicitly urge God to change. We also believe that God will respond and start talking that way.[17]
“God is not always available to the psalmist’s beck and call. Most anguished is the opening cry of abandonment in Psalm 22.”[18] “Theologically, the complaints acknowledge that God is elusive and not always available to human request. This God cannot be manipulated.” The absence is met by more strident cries of complaint and a greater resolve to wait for God’s intervening presence.[19]




[1] DeClaisse-Walford, Jacobson, and LaNeel Tanner. The Book of Psalms, 227.
[2] DeClaisse-Walford, Jacobson, and LaNeel Tanner. The Book of Psalms, 227.
[3] Craigie, Psalms 1-50, 199 Craigie, Psalms 1-50, 198..
[4] DeClaisse-Walford, Jacobson, and LaNeel Tanner. The Book of Psalms, 233.
[5] Goldingay, Psalms Volume 1: Psalms 1-41, 340.
[6] Craigie, Psalms 1-50, 199.
[7] Craigie, Psalms 1-50, 199.
[8] DeClaisse-Walford, Jacobson, and LaNeel Tanner. The Book of Psalms, 234.
[9] Craigie, Psalms 1-50, 200.
[10] DeClaisse-Walford, Jacobson, and LaNeel Tanner. The Book of Psalms, 236.
[11] Craigie, Psalms 1-50, 198.
[12] Craigie, Psalms 1-50, 200.
[13] DeClaisse-Walford, Jacobson, and LaNeel Tanner. The Book of Psalms, 236.
[14] Craigie, Psalms 1-50, 198.
[15] Craigie, Psalms 1-50, 201.
[16] Craigie, Psalms 1-50, 198.
[17] Goldingay, Psalms Volume 1: Psalms 1-41, 341.
[18] Brown, Psalms, 143.
[19] Brown, Psalms, 144.

No comments:

Post a Comment