Wednesday, 26 August 2015

The place of Confrontation/Challenge in Pastoral Care (Morling College Pastoral Skills & Methods Week 6 notes)



Biblical Confrontation:
l   Ephesians 4:15: Speaking the truth in love.
l   Proverbs 15:31: Life-giving correction: will be at home among the wise.
l   Galatians 6: 1-5: If someone is caught in a sin, you who live by the Spirit should restore that person gently. But watch yourselves, or you also may be tempted.
l   2 Corinthians 1: 23-2:4: It wasn’t easy for Paul to write that letter. Paul had to check his intentions: out of love. Confrontation needs to be reliant on the Holy Spirit. Sometimes we do it in a timing which we think is the right timing but could be wrong. If it’s the right thing to do but done at the wrong timing, the result can be disastrous. Sometimes it is not suitable to confronted right away, but wait for a suitable timing.
l   Ephesians 4: 1-3: Living a life worthy of the calling you’ve received.

D.W. Johnston, “Reaching out”: “a deliberate attempt to help another person examine the consequences of some aspect of their behaviour. The purpose of confrontation is to free the person being confronted to engage in more fruitful or less destructive behaviour.”

Guidelines for Care-frontation:
1) Stay involved: To challenge someone whom you’re not involved with is destructive. It only says “I’m better than you, you’d better fix up your act” instead of “I’m a pilgrim with you on this journey.”
2) Strong relationship: We have to know that person well/have a good relationship with that person, or the challenging will only fracture the relationship and make the situation worse.
3) Be tentative: Don’t be accusing. 2Samuel 12. Nathan confronted David on behalf of God through a parable instead of challenging him directly.

Technique in Challenging:
1.           A reflection: Put on a very reflective face.
2.           An observation: Describe an observation only, not a “you” statement.
3.           Interpretation or evaluation: name what you think is going on (eg. every time I mention the situation your tone goes up).
4.           Personal self-disclosure: “You” statements can sound attacking. “I’m just letting you know, I am feeling quite attacked at the moment”. “Microphone” concept: whoever who’s got the microphone (a pen) is the one who can speak. Won’t give the microphone until you really felt heard. If you’re feeling attacked or insecure or respected, some boundary is being breached, raise 1 finger up if feeling attacked, then 2nd finger if still feeling attacked, then 3rd finger up and if still feeling attacked just walk away!
5.           Statement surrounding the defense or inadequate communication: The person being confronted may keep saying “it’s not my problem, it’s your problem”.

Characteristics of Life-changing challenges:
1.           Empathy: If their mother just died or they’re planning a wedding, it’s not a suitable time to confront that person.
2.           Timing
3.           Relatedness: Pre-empt what you’re talking about so it doesn’t come as unexpected, or else they won’t know how to respond. Or if we are possibly going to be challenged, we can ask the person “what’s it going to be with regards to”, so you know whether it’s a pastoral issue or church organisational issue etc.
4.           Concise: Get to the point.
5.           Authenticity: Sincere.
6.           Tentativeness: Not definitive and assuming.

Goals of Challenging: Explore feelings, experiences and behaviours.

What should be challenged?
l   Discrepancies: “I love my wife, but I want to run off with the other person”. It wouldn’t be suitable to say “Jesus won’t like this.” But treat that person like an adult. Instead name the discrepancy, “if you love your wife, why would you want to hurt her feelings by going off with that person?” Or when we ask “how are you” and that person doesn’t look fine but says “fine”, we can think about whether we want to explore more by asking “why do you say you’re fine when you’re not.”
l   Distortions: Different from reality.
l   Games, Tricks and Smoke Screens: “The poor me” tricks. Unhealthy self-perception, “Oh I’m so bad, I’m so bad”, and spirals in negativity. Or criticises church, then when we challenge the person saying, “so you’re saying the church is bad”, they may say “no, we’re not saying that”, then be gone from the church in a few weeks’ time. Openness to change and transformation, vs someone who says “I’m ok” and refuses to be transparent about their problems.
l   Evasions: Scapegoating.
l   Failure To State Problems So They Appear Solvable: I’ve got a problem but I can’t change” = choosing not to change, evasiveness.

The manner of challenging:
l   “Speak the truth in love”: But be careful not to be judgmental.
l   With care and genuine involvement, Relationship of Helper and Helpee: During the confrontation, if that person. Crocodile tears: using tears as a smokescreen to stop the confrontation: we should make empathetic statement, hand tissue to that person, and say, “can we continue?”.
l   With due and careful reference to the state of the person
l   The Method of Successive Approximations

Challenging: Need to be done over several sessions. Own fear and anxiety comes up. Avoid the “you” questioning. Facial expression: need to learn to control. Be careful not to be giving solutions constantly but help them come up with the solutions themselves through self-reflection. Open-ended questioning to help the person open up.



Guilt is complex:
l   It's like wrestling an octopus in a dark aquarium at midnight.
l   True guilt [and shame] is present when there is sin present; when others or we have acted in a way that dishonours God’s ways. False or pseudo-guilt [shame] arises when sin was never involved in the first place (e.g. unplaced guilt/shame over the impact of an accident) or where sin has been forgiven.[1]
l   A direct contravention= a biblical guilt. However, lots of people walk around in “false guilt”, eg. error because of judgment, feeling guilty because you weren’t being the “obliging child” and trying to make that person happy (guilty if you don’t keep the other person happy), or you didn’t do what the pastor says (and it’s about something that’s not biblical). It’s a feeling lack of sense of self-worth, a feeling of failure, a feeling that you are not what you should be. Biblical guilt: contravent society, are in jail, needs help. Guilt can drive people to suicide.
l   Real guilt vs imagined. Often one feels guilty because they have an inadequate view or “false narrative” of God, eg. how can God forgive a person like me? Challenging statement: “Are you saying God can’t forgive all sins?” Grieving the Holy Spirit is saying no to Jesus because we do not allow his Spirit in our lives. Haven’t allowed God’s forgiveness to flow into their hearts.
l   Don’t come to a quick solution, as experiencing forgiveness from guilt is a slow process. Don’t make the comment like “don’t worry, you can do this to solve this”. Need a space and time for people to experience forgiveness in Jesus.





[1] Sande, The Peacemaker : A Biblical Guide to Resolving Personal Conflict, 190-91.

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