Showing posts with label Jesus. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Jesus. Show all posts

Saturday, 11 January 2020

The Sun Moon Lake Church of Christ







During the Christmas trip to Taiwan, Chris and I visited the Sun Moon Lake. My last trip to the lake was four years ago, while Chris was 29 years ago.

28Dec 2019

Went to the Sun Moon Lake today. Encountered quite a few incidents, eg. missing our high speed train, a long wait for the bus. So it was very late by the time we got there. When we took the last bus to Ita Thao, there was suddenly a loud metallic noise, and Chris thought a metal had broke in the wheels and was prepared to knock open the bus window in case the bus plunges into the lake! Turns out it wasn’t the wheel, but the door that broke. We all had to exit through the emergency exit when we got to the destination. Despite these incidents, we give thanks to God, as we got to hear a beautiful string concert at the Sun Moon Lake Church of Christ, and a friendly fried tempura stall owner called a taxi for us so we could get back to our accommodation at Shuishe Pier. The driver is a Thao, and he told us the tribal name “Ita Thao” means “we are human.” The Thaos used to live on the Lalu Island, which was originally not an island, but a piece of land. The Sun Moon Lake used to be a river, but became a lake when the Japanese modified it into a dam. (I looked up more information afterwards and found that the Sun Moon Lake was originally a lake, and the surface area of the lake increased from 4.5 km2 to 7.7 km2 after the Japanese modified it. Water flooded the land where the Thaos used to live. In other words, their land was taken away from them.)






We stayed at the Sun Moon Lake Teachers' Hostel, which is actually great value for money. However, Chris googled this place up and saw there are many ghost stories about this place in relation to the ship accident 29 years ago in Sun Moon Lake. Many people reported hearing heavy pounding on the glass in the middle of the night, like people stuck in a boat pounding the glass for help. That made him very scared. Fortunately, we slept peacefully that night, and there were no weird noises.


29Dec 2019

It’s an amazing grace to visit the Sun Moon Lake Church of Christ. Chris had become very obsessed about violins lately so I bought one for him as a Christmas gift for him to learn himself. He enjoyed the string orchestra concert at the church very much. On Sunday, we received great hospitality from Sherry, the preacher and other co-workers in the church as well as intercessory prayer. Sherry even gave us “almond coconut pineapple cake” (in Mandarin, these words sound the same as “serving Jesus”) and milk nougat candies. Chris loves pineapple cakes! What an amazing place to visit!













Sunday, 22 December 2019

The Wedding in Cana: Jesus turns water into wine



I went to Israel in 2015 and went to a place called Cana. The bible mentioned that Jesus had attended a wedding in Cana and performed the miracle of turning water into wine there. So I bought a “Cana Wedding Wine” in Cana. However, Chris doesn’t drink any wine! He had no idea about how to select the wine for the wedding. Therefore, he needed help from Auguste, his uncle in law!

Some of you may be wondering, what is this wedding in Cana? Here is what the Bible says:

Jesus Changes Water Into Wine (John 2:1-12)
On the third day a wedding took place at Cana in Galilee. Jesus’ mother was there, 2 and Jesus and his disciples had also been invited to the wedding. 3 When the wine was gone, Jesus’ mother said to him, “They have no more wine.”

4 “Woman, why do you involve me?” Jesus replied. “My hour has not yet come.”

5 His mother said to the servants, “Do whatever he tells you.”

6 Nearby stood six stone water jars, the kind used by the Jews for ceremonial washing, each holding from twenty to thirty gallons.

7 Jesus said to the servants, “Fill the jars with water”; so they filled them to the brim.

8 Then he told them, “Now draw some out and take it to the master of the banquet.”

They did so, 9 and the master of the banquet tasted the water that had been turned into wine. He did not realize where it had come from, though the servants who had drawn the water knew. Then he called the bridegroom aside 10 and said, “Everyone brings out the choice wine first and then the cheaper wine after the guests have had too much to drink; but you have saved the best till now.”

11 What Jesus did here in Cana of Galilee was the first of the signs through which he revealed his glory; and his disciples believed in him.

12 After this he went down to Capernaum with his mother and brothers and his disciples. There they stayed for a few days.

Weddings were very special occasions. In the days of Jesus, the people went to a party after the ceremony. This party continued for a week. The guests ate and drank together. Everyone was very happy. But if there was not enough food or drink for the week, the bride and the bridegroom felt great shame. You see, at a wedding such as this, hospitality is everything. It was their duty to provide plenty. This wedding feast took place at Cana in Galilee. There are all sorts of speculation regarding whose wedding it is. Nevertheless, it seems like Mary had some responsibility for the wedding, because she became concerned when they run out of wine. Perhaps someone she loves is going to be embarrassed.

This passage is not just about Jesus filling in for a poorly catered wedding. This was a sign. Signs are about pointing a direction forward. Just like we need to look at the signs to know where we are going. We’re told that this was a sign. There are five wine signs that point to the deeper and higher meaning of this great miracle.

1) “My hour”
Sign one was Jesus’ discussion with his mother. When Mary asked Jesus to do something, he literally says “dear woman, what is this to me, and what is this to you? My hour has not yet come.” “Woman” does not mean anything harsh in the original language. It is a term meaning ‘lady’ or ‘madam.’ ‘What have you and I in common? What is there between us two? My ways are not your ways. I know when it is fit to work a miracle, and when it is fit to withhold, but you do not.’ Here is the rebuke. Jesus does not see that he has anything to do with the situation. Jesus was thinking about other things. Jesus knew that he had come to the earth for a special purpose. He never forgot this. Mary is embarrassed because there isn’t enough wine for the wedding. But Jesus is saying that “I have a different purpose to you. I have a higher purpose, and that hour, that time, has not yet come.” So when is the time, when is the hour?

What is fascinating here is, Mary understands that Jesus’ response is not a no, because she immediately tells the servants to “do whatever he tells you.” It seems that Mary also has authority to give orders to the servants. Which leads us to sign number two.

2) Cleansing
There are six stone jars nearby. They are the kind that were used for ceremonial cleansing. Today we’re familiar with the baptism water, which is a symbol or a sign for spiritual cleansing. The six water jars are specifically made of stone because stone does not pass on uncleanness. Their total capacity is 180 gallons! They are for holding water, for purifications according to Jewish customs. The jar and the water had to be very pure, as they are for purification. So it is clear that the water in such jars could be changed into wine only by divine power. Another point is, the number seven in the Jewish circles, is a little bit like the number ten today. Ten is like the perfect number. You come to nine, you’re not quite there. In Jewish circles, seven is the perfect number, because God created everything in six days, proclaimed it to be very good, rested on the seventh day, and made it “holy.” In other words, the seventh day is a “good day” in God’s eyes! So now there is only six of these stone jars. And so somehow, we know this cleansing isn’t complete. We’re looking for something better. We already found out from John chapter one that John the Baptist was Jesus’ cousin, and a colleague of Jesus in ministry. John says “I am a ceremonial cleanser, I’m a baptiser, but water isn’t sufficient to do the kind of cleansing that we need.” And he pointed to Jesus as the person who does the deeper spiritual cleansing. This leads us to sign number three.

3) The Creator
Jesus had made the water change. It had become wine! Jesus told the servants to draw the water out of the jar and take this to the master of ceremony. The servants did as they were told, and then the miracle happened. As the Son of God, Jesus has the ability to create, just like the Father, and uses water to create “good wine.” This echoes the narrative about the Creation in Genesis: God created all things and proclaimed it to be “very good.” Jesus is the creator, and with the same creational power as God. We’re told that the master of ceremony had no clue what was going on. He called the groom over, in order to learn the truth and give his opinion of the wine.  He tasted the wine and thought it was the best wine in the world, but did not know where it had come from. He comments on the host’s unorthodox behaviour. “You were supposed to serve the best wine first, when the guests’ palettes are still receptive to its quality. But you, have saved the best till now.” People always drank the best wine first at a wedding. But Jesus’ wine was even better! So the host thought that the people had been drinking the cheaper wine first instead.

But the servants knew, as they drew the water. And this was the funny thing. The Greek term architriclinus, translated as “master of ceremonies”, refers to the one in charge of the whole banquet. Usually the master of ceremonies are well aware of everything that’s going on, but here, it was the people carrying the trays around and doing things out at the back, the servants of Jesus, they understood what was going on.

4) Glory
“That through this miracle, Jesus revealed his glory.” This is a funny thing to say, because we know that Jesus is someone who heals sick people and raises dead people, and providing wine at a wedding doesn’t seem like something that’s big of a deal. But again, it’s another sign pointing forward. And here, we’re thinking, “what is this glory that was revealed to the servants?”

We will now fast forward to John chapter 17: Finally, just before Christ’s crucifixion on the cross for our sins, he prays and says “Father, now my hour has come. Glorify your son, that your son may glorify you.” Now we are approaching the hour of glory.

And finally, two chapters later, in John chapter 19, we’re told that as Jesus died, one of the soldiers pierced Jesus’ side, and there was a flow of blood and water. You know what’s interesting about John’s gospel? The other gospels has the last supper scene, where Jesus broke the bread for the disciples and said, “this my body” and gave them the wine, and said, “this is my blood poured out for the cleansing of your sin.” John’s gospel doesn’t have that. This wine sign, this water for ceremonial cleansing, that pointed forward towards the hour of Christ’s glory, seems to tell that the time will come, through Christ’s own death, the shedding of his own blood, he would cleanse his servants and his people. He would transform our lives, so that whoever believes in him shall not perish but have eternal life.

5) “The wedding of the lamb”
The fifth and final sign, which is the most important one, is that you may notice in this whole reading that there is no mention about who is the bride or groom. Something was incomplete here. Finally, in the last book of the bible, the book of Revelation, also written by John, in 19:6, John says, “Then I heard what sounded like a great multitude, like the roar of rushing waters and like loud peals of thunder, shouting: “Hallelujah! For our Lord God Almighty reigns. Let us rejoice and be glad, and give him glory! For the wedding of the Lamb has come, and his bride has made herself ready. Fine linen, bright and clean, was given her to wear.” (Fine linen stands for the righteous acts of God’s holy people.) Then the angel said to me, “Write this: Blessed are those who are invited to the wedding supper of the Lamb!”” Jesus is the lamb and the groom. The people of God is the bride. In the Old Testament, weddings are often used as a metaphor for the kingdom of the Messiah (Isaiah 54:1-8;62:1-5). In the New Testament, Jesus often uses weddings as a metaphor for his second coming (Matthew 8:11; 22:1-4; Luke 13:29;14:15-24; cf. Revelation 19:9). The appearance of Jesus in the wedding at Cana symbolises the coming kingdom of the Messiah. It is the people of God, who come into relationship with God through the life, death and resurrection of Jesus Christ, who are those who will finally one day witness Christ’s return, and be united with Him.  


References:

Rev. Chadd Hafer’s message at Chris and Yvonne’s wedding, 7 Sept 2019, Christ Church Lavender Bay.

Card, Michael.; John: The Gospel of Wisdom.

Lightfoot, J. B., Still, Todd D., Witherington, Ben.; The Gospel of St. John : A Newly Discovered Commentary.

Thomas, Weisheipl, James A., Larcher, Fabian R..; Commentary on the Gospel of John.

https://www.cbtc.org.hk/archives/5227#.Xdo4kOgzY2y    

http://www.pct.org.tw/weeklyneweyes.aspx?strWID=W20151216813




Wednesday, 28 March 2018

Morling Tuesday Chapel: “How will she know unless someone tells her?”



Speaker: Dr Omar Djoeandy, National Director SIM Australia
omar.djoeandy@sim.org.au

Scripture: Mark 8:31-38.

Dr Omar Djoeandy’s son asked, “The dads of my friends lived in better houses, why didn’t you continue to practice as a medical doctor in Australia, so that we can live in a better house?”
Dr Djoeandy replied, “Because it’s about following Jesus and not about ourselves.”
His son then said, “You can just say that you follow Jesus and do whatever you want.”

Can we say we follow Jesus and not follow in His mission?

How does “following Jesus in His mission” impact my life or people in our church?
l   Relationships
l   Ambition
l   Lifestyle
l   Priorities
l   Choices
l   Investments

Background of Dr Djoeandy:
l   Chinese Indonesian Australian.
l   Follower of Jesus since young.
l   16y.o.: convinced Jesus the only way, truth and life, willing to be a missionary.
l   MDiv at Nairobi Evangelical Graduate School of Theology 1986-1990 (in Africa).
l   1989: Met Kay and married in 1990
l   1993-1997: Medical doctor GP.
l   1998-2003: Associate Pastor at Nairobi.

Jesus, “Come follow Me and I will make you fishers of men. And they left their nets at once and followed him.” (Mark 1:17-18).
Have we left our nets to follow Jesus? Occupation, security, etc.
For Peter, “leaving their nets” meant leaving his identity and security!
Are we willing to leave our identity, security and personal plans to fulfil the mission of Jesus?

Fight the temptation to follow Jesus on our terms (our terms and conditions we’ve given to Jesus):
Mark 8:31-32: He then began to teach them that the Son of Man must suffer many things and be rejected by the elders, chief priests and teachers of the law, and that he must be killed and after three days rise again. He spoke plainly about this, and Peter took him aside and began to rebuke him.
Peter telling Jesus off! When was the last time we told Jesus off/stop following Jesus? When life didn’t go well?
Mark 8:33: “Get behind me, Satan” he said. “You do not have in mind the things of God, but the things of men.”

Reflection/Theory must be translated into action: Reflection/Theory-Action upward spiral.

Whirlpool of self-absorption: struggles, career, fears, lifestyle, mortgage, possessions. The world defines success according to what you possess. Identify where you might be tempted to be self-absorbed?

Jesus directly contradicts the world.
Luke 12:15: “Watch out! Be on your guard against all kinds of greed; life does not consist in an abundance of possessions.”
Dependent upon God as children (more than self-sufficiency).

Mark 8:34-36: “Whoever wants to be my disciple must deny themselves and take up their cross and follow me. For whoever wants to save their life will lose it, but whoever loses their life for me and for the gospel will save it. What good is it for someone to gain the whole world, yet forfeit their soul?”

Empowered to be Christ’s witnesses:
Jesus’ Mission for us is Acts 1:8: “you will receive power when the Holy Spirit comes on you; and you will be my witnesses in Jerusalem, and in all Judea and Samaria, and to the ends of the earth.”
l   Local
l   Cross-cultural
l   Global
l   Simultaneously and life-long.
Where are you and your church being Christ’s witnesses: local, cross-cultural and global?

The huge need can be overwhelming.

Action required “Just do it”:
l   Pray
l   Give
l   Send
l   Go

Motivation:
l   Avoid guilt or fear: No, this motivation will not last.
l   Love for God and people: This will help us last through ridicule and persecution.

Dr Djoeandy gave up his lifestyle, as a doctor who can afford expensive hotels, to follow Jesus’ mission. Because Jesus died for us.
Paul in 2Corinthians 5:14-15: “And he died for all, that those who live should no longer live for themselves but for him who died for them and was raised again.”
Jesus is worthy to be worshipped by all nations.

More from Dr Djoeandy during the Transform lunch session:




Identifying two or three areas where you would like to hear God more clearly about God’s “mission impossible” for you:


Reflection/Theory-Action upward spiral: Action: here and now. For example, if you feel you have a calling for the Middle East, you can first take baby steps and get to know the Middle Eastern people in Sydney!


Ephesians 2:8-10: For it is by grace you have been saved, through faith—and this is not from yourselves, it is the gift of God—not by works, so that no one can boast. For we are God’s handiwork, created in Christ Jesus to do good works, which God prepared in advance for us to do.

SHAPED:
l   A way of trying to find out what you are suited to do: Spiritual gifts; Heart; Abilities; Personality; Experience; Daring factor.
l   Gifts: Gift of singing is probably the only gift you know quite early on whether you got or not. Other gifts need to be developed: just because you did it badly the first few times doesn’t mean you don’t have the gift. For example, the first time Dr Djoeandy preached, a deacon told him he had no gift in preaching. A few years later, when he preached again in the same congregation, the same deacon seemed to have forgotten what he said several years back and told him how great the sermon was.
l   Heart: What is worth waking up in the morning for
l   Personality: don’t pay as much attention to this part as this is sometimes the least influential part. Introvert can make public speeches, extrovert can still be good listeners.
l   Daring factor (a spectrum): War zone; Bold-extreme risks; Ok with risks; Average; Cautious; Petrified
l   Admit your fears

Living beyond yourself:
l   Your “SHAPED”
l   Your church’s vision and “SHAPED”
l   Needs and opportunities
l   Fruit and Responsiveness
l   Mission organisations
l   Intangible God factor: God’s power in weakness

In community:
l   You cannot do it alone.
l   Paul always functions in community.
l   God is not after superman.

Personal thoughts and reflections:

I found it very impressive that this week’s mission representative, Dr Djoeandy, was willing to go to Africa to studying his MDiv degree two years after finishing his medical degree! It seems like he had a love for people right from the outset, because he mentioned the reason why he chose to do medicine was that he thought if he did medicine, he can practically show the love of Jesus. In my teenage years, my initial reason for choosing to do medicine was a lot more self-centred than his! I felt very challenged by Dr Djoeandy’s talks. A few years back, I might be burning with a greater passion for missions than I am right now: was it because I had greater faith back then, or because I had greater ignorance? As I see more and more of the stark contrasts between ideologies and the realities of serving in ministry, I feel somewhat like the rich young man in Mark 10:17-31! Yet, simultaneously there is an unsettledness in my heart that I need to go out. When we think about what God is calling us to do, we can probably can ask the "who, what, when, where, how" questions, but Dr Djoeandy reminds us it’s the “who” that is the most important, because this is about people. The call has to be “the impossible”, so we can give credit to God. My personality seems to be the “impossible” type for missions and evangelism because I am introverted, find it uncomfortable talking with strangers, find it very draining to get deeply involved with interpersonal relationships, get panicky when I have to speak to a large group of people, lived in so many countries in the process of growing up that I find it hard to develop a sense of belonging anywhere, and there doesn’t seem to be any ministry tasks which I seem to be especially gifted in. Dr Djoeandy tells us that he is extremely introverted and able to do what he is doing now by the power of God, and that the personality part of the SHAPED tool is probably the least influential part, since God is able to use any type of personalities for His works. Instead of focusing on my own inadequacy like the ten out of twelve spies to Canaan, I have to keep praying to God, being honest with what I am afraid of, staying focused on God, being willing to be used by God, and asking the Holy Spirit to help me step out in action.


Friday, 27 October 2017

Psalm 22: Lament



Prayers for help (laments) “are located at the intersection of the confession that God is faithful and some experience of the psalmist that either calls into question God’s fidelity or demands a faithful action from God.” (77:8; 6:5; 89:49; 17:7).[1] “The Lord invites hard questions and even denunciations form his people.” The ancient sufferers “both question God’s loving faithfulness and make God’s loving faithfulness the basis of their hope and their prayers.” Ps 89:49 is the turning point of Psalm 89, last psalm of Book II of a Psalter, may be the “most strident complaint verse” in the Psalter.[2] Other questioning verses: 22:1; 10:1; 44:23; 13:1; 35:17.[3]



[1] Jacobson, ““The faithfulness of the Lord Endures Forever”,” 114.
[2] Jacobson and Jacobson. Invitation to the Psalms, 158.
[3] Jacobson and Jacobson. Invitation to the Psalms, 159.

Structure:
1-21: Lament, God being distant.
22-32: Celebration of God’s sovereignty. God is no longer distant, God has heard.

V1-21 have an alternating structure, moving from a cry to God to a section of trust. This is reflective of the emotional turmoil that a person of faith undergoes when he tries to make sense of the suffering, pain and even attacks from others with faith in a powerful and loving God.[1]
V22-32: Pure praise.[2]

V2: the psalm begins by expressing a sense of being forsaken by God, expressed most powerfully in the divine silence in V3.[3]
V5-6: “Trust” repeated three times. Crying out in distress and expression trust can happen at the same time and are not incompatible, as “I know what I feel and I know what I believe.”[4] Ps22 is an expression of a mature spirituality where a person who is experiencing affliction demonstrates the ability to hold on to two contradictory set of facts.[5] 
V7: The psalmist felt less than human. This is further exacerbated by the taunting words of fellow human beings in V9. It seems the only reality was the distance of God, and the nearness of the taunting human beings.[6]
V12 the psalmist cries out for the removal of the divine distance.[7]
V13-14: Heightens the sense of being alone as the enemies surround the psalmist.
V15-16: describes the physical symptoms of fear[8], “spilled out like water” in the sense of being “washed out”[9], “tongue sticking to palate” as a sign of sympathetic overactivity.
V19: The psalmist is not dead and the enemies are already dividing up his clothes as if he was deceased.
V22: Begins with an imperative verb, “save me” and ends with a perfect verb “you answered me”.[10] It is a declaration of trust and confidence[11], based upon the faith that God would answer his prayers.[12]
V23 onwards: The psalmist lead the community into worship.[13],[14]
V25: The psalmist testified a total reversal of the experience in V2-3: he perceives that Yahweh has heard him and an answer was coming. God’s faithfulness, in promising deliverance, also requires faithfulness from the sufferer.[15]

This can be used for those who are severely sick and threatened by death.[16]
In suffering, the psalmist invites us to remind God and ourselves of God’s past acts of deliverance. Remind God and ourselves of God’s involvement in our individual lives. And we explicitly urge God to change. We also believe that God will respond and start talking that way.[17]
“God is not always available to the psalmist’s beck and call. Most anguished is the opening cry of abandonment in Psalm 22.”[18] “Theologically, the complaints acknowledge that God is elusive and not always available to human request. This God cannot be manipulated.” The absence is met by more strident cries of complaint and a greater resolve to wait for God’s intervening presence.[19]




[1] DeClaisse-Walford, Jacobson, and LaNeel Tanner. The Book of Psalms, 227.
[2] DeClaisse-Walford, Jacobson, and LaNeel Tanner. The Book of Psalms, 227.
[3] Craigie, Psalms 1-50, 199 Craigie, Psalms 1-50, 198..
[4] DeClaisse-Walford, Jacobson, and LaNeel Tanner. The Book of Psalms, 233.
[5] Goldingay, Psalms Volume 1: Psalms 1-41, 340.
[6] Craigie, Psalms 1-50, 199.
[7] Craigie, Psalms 1-50, 199.
[8] DeClaisse-Walford, Jacobson, and LaNeel Tanner. The Book of Psalms, 234.
[9] Craigie, Psalms 1-50, 200.
[10] DeClaisse-Walford, Jacobson, and LaNeel Tanner. The Book of Psalms, 236.
[11] Craigie, Psalms 1-50, 198.
[12] Craigie, Psalms 1-50, 200.
[13] DeClaisse-Walford, Jacobson, and LaNeel Tanner. The Book of Psalms, 236.
[14] Craigie, Psalms 1-50, 198.
[15] Craigie, Psalms 1-50, 201.
[16] Craigie, Psalms 1-50, 198.
[17] Goldingay, Psalms Volume 1: Psalms 1-41, 341.
[18] Brown, Psalms, 143.
[19] Brown, Psalms, 144.

Sunday, 5 February 2017

The vocation and mission of Jesus

Why did Jesus came on earth? What did he came to do?

To proclaim the Kingdom of God[1]
l   The biblical evidence is clear:
n   proclaiming the good news… “The time has come,” he said. “The kingdom of God has come near. Repent and believe the good news!” (Mark 1:14-15). Jesus replied, “Let us go somewhere else—to the nearby villages—so I can preach there also. That is why I have come.” So he travelled throughout Galilee, preaching in their synagogues and driving out demons. (Mark 1:38-39)
n   …to proclaim good news… (Luke 4:18-19). “But He [Jesus] said to them, "I must preach the kingdom of God to the other cities also, for I was sent for this purpose” (Luke 4:43). 
n   “And Jesus was going about in all Galilee, teaching in their synagogues, and proclaiming the gospel of the kingdom, and healing every kind of disease and every kind of sickness among the people” (Matt. 4:23).
l   Most scholars would agree that a central feature of Jesus’ ministry was the kingdom of God.[2],[3] But there is little if any agreement about what the Kingdom is or how it should be defined.[4]
l   There are ways in which Jesus sees the kingdom of God as already present: ‘the time is fulfilled’ (Mark 1:15).
l   Jesus tells parables which stress the hidden, yet present, dynamic growth of the kingdom (Matthew 13:1-46).[5]
l   The kingdom of God is described in terms which put it in the future: ‘Your kingdom come’ (Matthew 6:10).[6]
l   Overthrowing the enemy:
n   Jesus relates the overthrow of demonic powers, seen in the exorcisms he performed, to the presence of the kingdom (Matthew 12:28).[7]
n   It appears Jesus understood the kingdom of God as a powerful demonstration of the rule of God, in line with the Old Testament expectation of his coming to deliver the people.[8] His experience as an infant bears striking resemblance to that of Moses; he is a greater Moses leading his people to deliverance.[9]
n   Jesus has a definite way of overthrowing the enemy in the fulfilment of time: His refusal to defend himself, on the cross, his death. God’s Kingdom rule was established at creation; It was attacked by Satan at the fall; now it is being restored on earth through the life and ministry of Jesus Christ who defeats Satan, death, and sin![10]
l   Preaching good news to the poor:
n   ‘…the poor (in spirit)… shall inherit the kingdom of God’.
n   Latin American liberation theology claim that there is preferential love by God for the poor. So the beatitudes are popular with liberation theologians. On the other hand, traditional theology has been seen to bolster social injustice because of its refusal to address critically social and economic problems. Therefore, the positive attraction of Marxist theory to combat these problems is obvious.[11]
n   The inauguration of social structures that promote the prophetic vision of justice and restore the shalom of God's people fundamentally expresses God's kingship.[12]
n   However, if the signs of God’s rule/kingdom only primarily lie only in feeding the poor, eliminating the wrong systems etc., then the cross was not necessary and we only need the socialists. Building orphanages, etc. are important. But most important is the reality of the cross and resurrection. Wherever Christians are is God’s rule. Wherever Christians are suffering and kept in faith, God’s rule is there.
l   Miracles: Jesus gave radically new meaning to the ‘language’ of the miracles: they are signs of the kingdom, signs of what God wants to do and is already doing in humankind in Jesus.[13] The miracles include exorcisms, healings, raising the dead and nature miracles, which are intended to reveal the presence and power of the kingdom.[14]
n   The miracles of healing and deliverance which Jesus did, and which the apostles performed in his name, were the apex of the biblical pattern of witnessing to the salvation of God.[15]
n   There is sovereignty in healing: He did not heal everyone. He delivered only one of many at the pool of Bethesda (John 5:1).
n   There exists a frequent connection between healings and faith, but this is not uniform. There is also a connection between healing and forgiveness, but this is not uniform.
n   The miracles are primarily signs, which point us not to themselves but to something else: the signs of the kingdom of God, Jesus’ own messianic credentials, and the fulfilment of the age of preparation.[16]  
n   Miracles did not of themselves bring about a great surge of faith. Jesus taught that if people did not believe the OT Scriptures, the greatest of all miracles would not persuade them to change (Luke 16:31 The Rich Man and Lazarus).[17]
l   The kingdom of God is the reign of God, inaugurated with the coming of Christ, but not fully consummated until his return at the end of the world.[18] The Kingdom of God involves two great moments: fulfilment within history [already], and consummation at the end of history [not yet].[19]

To seek and to save the lost
l   The lost sheep of the house of Israel:
n   “For the Son of Man came to seek and to save the lost.” (Luke 19:10).
n   …sheep without a shepherd. (Matt 9:36 Workers are Few) …lost sheep of Israel. (Matthew 10:6 Jesus sends out the 12)
l   ‘I will build my church’ (Matthew 16:18 Peter’s confession of Christ)
n   The church is, in one sense, Christ’s storm troopers, spearheading the progress of the kingdom.
n   It is important to note that although the kingdom of God includes the church as a central component, the kingdom is extensive over the entire cosmos.[20]
l   God’s rule has broken into human history to deliver men and women from the power of sin, death, and Satan. From start to finish, Jesus’ entire life and ministry was the expression of God’s mighty rule that had broken into history to deliver the creation and its human inhabitants from the curse of sin and death.[21]

To bring about God’s judgement on sin
l   …baptize you with the Holy Spirit and fire. (Luke 3:16-17 John the Baptist Prepares the Way)
l   Division (Luke12:49-51 No Peace but Division): The Gospel, which is as fire, that gives both light and heat, warms the hearts of God's people, and causes them to burn within them; though very distressing and torturing to wicked men; so the word of God is compared to fire. Or else zeal for it, and which would be opposed with sharp contentions by others; or rather persecution for the sake of the Gospel, called sometimes the fiery trial; which tries men, as gold is tried in the fire.[22]
l   Jesus weeps for the destruction of Jerusalem (Luke 19:41-44 The Triumphal Entry).

To give his life
l   Jesus tells his disciples privately about his forthcoming death and resurrection, but they fail to grasp its significance, because the meaning was hidden from them (Mark 8:33; Luke 18:31-34). It was not something intended for public consumption.[23]
l   Jesus affirmed the eternal validity of the law, stating that not even the smallest letter would disappear from it (Matthew 5:18-20). Jesus emphasized the true essence and purpose of the law, and his role as the fulfilment of the law.[24]
l   Christ died for our sins. Buried, raised, appeared. (1 Cor 15:1-8 The Resurrection of Christ).
l   For even the Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve, and to give his life as a ransom for many. (Mark 10:45 The Request of James and John). By becoming “a ransom for many” through his sacrificial death, Christians are under the new covenant, God’s righteous standards are now written on their hearts, not on tablets of stone.[25]
l   On the cross, God in Christ conquered sin, defeated death, and triumphed over Satan. Jesus is Christus Victor! By means of this victory, we are restored to God and our true purposes as human beings. It is the mystery of the Kingdom that makes us new creatures in Christ.[26]
l   Augustine explains the goal of the “sendings” of the Son and Spirit is to restore fallen humans into a relationship of communion with God.

References:

Chouinard, Larry. “The kingdom of God and the pursuit of justice in Matthew”, Restoration Quarterly, 45 (2003): 229-242

Chung, Miyon. “The Incarnation and Mission of Christ (Part 1).” Lecture Notes, Morling College, September 6, 2016.

Bible study tools. “John Gill's Exposition of the Bible”, Accessed November 3, 2016. http://www.biblestudytools.com/commentaries/gills-exposition-of-the-bible/

Hendrickx, Herman. The miracle stories of the synoptic gospels. London: Geoffrey Chapman, 1987.

Letham, Robert. The Work of Christ. Downers Grove: IVP Academic, 1993.

Naugle, David. “Jesus Christ and the Kingdom of God.” Christian Worldview Journal. Accessed November 3, 2016. http://www.colsoncenter.org/the-center/columns/indepth/15062-jesus-christ-and-the-kingdom-of-god

Strauss, Mark. Four Portraits, One Jesus. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2007.



[1] Chung, “The Incarnation and Mission of Christ”
[2] Letham, The Work of Christ, 57.
[3] “Jesus Christ and the Kingdom of God.”
[4] “Jesus Christ and the Kingdom of God.”
[5] Letham, The Work of Christ, 59.
[6] Letham, The Work of Christ, 60.
[7] Letham, The Work of Christ, 59.
[8] Letham, The Work of Christ, 60.
[9] Letham, The Work of Christ, 61.
[10] “Jesus Christ and the Kingdom of God.”
[11] Letham, The Work of Christ, 62-63.
[12]Chouinard, “The kingdom of God,” 236.
[13]Herman Hendrickx, The miracle stories of the synoptic gospels (London: Geoffrey Chapman, 1987), 11. Nowadays people speak of miracles in terms of a ‘violation of the laws of nature’. The more important this ‘violation’, the greater the miracle. But Jesus and his contemporaries would not have understood this way of thinking and speaking. They were not familiar with our concept of ‘laws of nature’. In a biblical perspective, therefore, one cannot speak of a miracle as a ‘violation of nature’.
[14]Strauss, Four Portraits, 461-465. 
[15] Letham, The Work of Christ, 68.
[16] Letham, The Work of Christ, 69.
[17] Letham, The Work of Christ, 70.
[18] Letham, The Work of Christ, 62.
[19] “Jesus Christ and the Kingdom of God.”
[20] Letham, The Work of Christ, 74.
[21] “Jesus Christ and the Kingdom of God.”
[22] “John Gill's Exposition of the Bible”
[23] Letham, The Work of Christ, 71.
[24]Strauss, Four Portraits, 441. 
[25]Strauss, Four Portraits, 444. 
[26] “Jesus Christ and the Kingdom of God.”